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OBJECTIVES@#To study the role of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1)-proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 phosphorylation (pPyk2)-matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP9) pathway in hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats.@*METHODS@#A total of 16 neonatal rats were randomly placed in chambers containing room air (air group) or 95% medical oxygen (hyperoxia group) immediately after birth, with 8 rats in each group. All of the rats were sacrificed on day 8 of life. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissue. ELISA was used to measure the levels of soluble LRP1 (sLRP1) and MMP9 in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Western blot was used to measure the protein expression levels of LRP1, MMP9, Pyk2, and pPyk2 in lung tissue. RT-PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of LRP1 and MMP9 in lung tissue.@*RESULTS@#The hyperoxia group had significantly higher levels of sLRP1 and MMP9 in serum and BALF than the air group (@*CONCLUSIONS@#The activation of the LRP1-pPyk2-MMP9 pathway is enhanced in hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Animals, Newborn , Hyperoxia/complications , Lung , Lung Injury/etiology , Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze the incidence and epidemic characteristics of local cases infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Yangpu District of Shanghai， China， and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of coronavirus disease-19 （COVID-19）. Methods:Descriptive epidemiological methods were applied to analyze the epidemic data of all the patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Yangpu District of Shanghai， China. Results:A total of 9 local cases （7 males and 2 females） were documented in Yangpu District from January 30， 2020 to February 29， 2020. The average age was （48.56±13.85） years old. According to the body mass index， the patients with overweight and obesity accounted for 44.44% of the total cases. All the patients had fever at the onset and radiological findings of pneumonia by CT examination. They were diagnosed during January 24 and February 8， 2020. The median incubation period of the COVID-19 was 9 days and the median course was 22 days. Six cases had travel history in the epidemic areas and the other 3 cases had history of contact with confirmed cases. There were two familial clusters， both of which were husband-wife relationships. One cluster had a clear temporal sequence of onset， while the other one might be co-exposed or mutually infected. No new local case infected with SARS-CoV-2 was evident since February 8， 2020. Conclusion:All the local COVID-19 cases in Yangpu District have clear epidemiological exposure history. It warrants further attention to the family clustering SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Currently， containment of imported cases is crucial for the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic.
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Objective To study the relationship between central obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors and aggregation in Yangpu District, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control measures and strategies for cardiovascular disease. Methods In the community, residents aged 35 to 75 were investigated by questionnaire, physical examination and blood biochemical test, and a total of 11 321 residents with complete data were analyzed. Results The prevalence of central obesity among adults in Yangpu was 60.50%(standardized rate was 56.09%).The level of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein were significantly different in different waist circumference groups(all P < 0.01).With the increase of waist circumference, the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular risk factors clustering was increased (all P < 0.01).Multivariable logistic regression results showed that the risk of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk factors clustering was 1.78 (OR=1.78, 95%CI:1.63－1.94) and 3.36 (OR=3.36, 95%CI:3.00-3.75);1.67 (OR=1.67, 95%CI:1.49-1.88) and 2.67 (OR=2.67, 95%CI:2.34-3.03);1.68 (OR=1.68, 95%CI:1.54-1.82) and 2.20 (OR=2.20, 95%CI:1.97-2.44);2.05 (OR=2.04, 95%CI:1.86-2.24) and 3.62 times (OR=3.62 95%CI:3.23-4.04) fold higher in residents with mild and severe central obesity than those without central obesity. Conclusion The prevalence of central obesity among residents in Yangpu District of Shanghai is high, and the extent of central obesity is related to cardiovascular diseases risk factors and their aggregation.Therefore, timely intervention measures should be taken to control obesity.
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Objective To study the relationship between central obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors and aggregation in Yangpu District, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control measures and strategies for cardiovascular disease. Methods In the community, residents aged 35 to 75 were investigated by questionnaire, physical examination and blood biochemical test, and a total of 11 321 residents with complete data were analyzed. Results The prevalence of central obesity among adults in Yangpu was 60.50%(standardized rate was 56.09%).The level of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein were significantly different in different waist circumference groups(all P < 0.01).With the increase of waist circumference, the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular risk factors clustering was increased (all P < 0.01).Multivariable logistic regression results showed that the risk of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk factors clustering was 1.78 (OR=1.78, 95%CI:1.63－1.94) and 3.36 (OR=3.36, 95%CI:3.00-3.75);1.67 (OR=1.67, 95%CI:1.49-1.88) and 2.67 (OR=2.67, 95%CI:2.34-3.03);1.68 (OR=1.68, 95%CI:1.54-1.82) and 2.20 (OR=2.20, 95%CI:1.97-2.44);2.05 (OR=2.04, 95%CI:1.86-2.24) and 3.62 times (OR=3.62 95%CI:3.23-4.04) fold higher in residents with mild and severe central obesity than those without central obesity. Conclusion The prevalence of central obesity among residents in Yangpu District of Shanghai is high, and the extent of central obesity is related to cardiovascular diseases risk factors and their aggregation.Therefore, timely intervention measures should be taken to control obesity.
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Objective The sequence characteristics and polymorphism of the UL141 gene may help find the pathogenesis of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection.This study was to charac-terize the sequences of HCMV UL141 in low-passage clinical isolates in Guangzhou . Methods We collected urine samples from 10 in-fants with clinically confirmed HCMV infection in the Guangzhou are-a, isolated low-passage clinical virus strains and identified them by multiplex PCR.We performed amplification, cloning, identification and sequencing of the HCMV UL141 gene and searched the GenBank for its homologous sequences followed by sequence analysis . Results The HCMV UL141 gene was found to have 2 open reading frames( ORF) , UL141a and UL141b, composed of 315 and 1017 nucleotides and included in the GenBank with the sequence numbers of DQ180372 and DQ180371, respectively.The full length of the UL141 gene in the low-passage HCMV clinical strain (D3) was 1277 bp, the coding protein consisting of 338 amino acid residues , and the full lengths of the ORFs UL 141a and UL141b were 315 bp and 1017 bp, respectively, with relatively conservative DNA sequences .Mutations were identified in 46 sites with base substitution but no insertion or deletion .The modification sites in all the isolated strains were relatively conservative after translation of the HCMV UL 141 coding protein.The isoelectric points of the UL141 protein were 8.36-8.68 for all the clinical isolates. Conclusion Polymorphism exists in the UL141 gene and its amino acid sequences of the HCMV low-passage clinical strains isolated from infants in Guangzhou , which has shed some light on the function of the ULl 41 protein and pathogenesis of HCMV infection .
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Objective The sequence characteristics and polymorphism of the UL141 gene may help find the pathogenesis of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection.This study was to charac-terize the sequences of HCMV UL141 in low-passage clinical isolates in Guangzhou . Methods We collected urine samples from 10 in-fants with clinically confirmed HCMV infection in the Guangzhou are-a, isolated low-passage clinical virus strains and identified them by multiplex PCR.We performed amplification, cloning, identification and sequencing of the HCMV UL141 gene and searched the GenBank for its homologous sequences followed by sequence analysis . Results The HCMV UL141 gene was found to have 2 open reading frames( ORF) , UL141a and UL141b, composed of 315 and 1017 nucleotides and included in the GenBank with the sequence numbers of DQ180372 and DQ180371, respectively.The full length of the UL141 gene in the low-passage HCMV clinical strain (D3) was 1277 bp, the coding protein consisting of 338 amino acid residues , and the full lengths of the ORFs UL 141a and UL141b were 315 bp and 1017 bp, respectively, with relatively conservative DNA sequences .Mutations were identified in 46 sites with base substitution but no insertion or deletion .The modification sites in all the isolated strains were relatively conservative after translation of the HCMV UL 141 coding protein.The isoelectric points of the UL141 protein were 8.36-8.68 for all the clinical isolates. Conclusion Polymorphism exists in the UL141 gene and its amino acid sequences of the HCMV low-passage clinical strains isolated from infants in Guangzhou , which has shed some light on the function of the ULl 41 protein and pathogenesis of HCMV infection .
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Objective To investigate the expression of prostate cancer related long non-coding RNAs (PCRL) in prostate cancer and its biological function. Methods The expression levels of PCRL in prostatic cancer tissues, adjacent tissues and tissues of other organs were examined by qRT-PCR. The expression levels of PCRL in androgen-dependent (LNCaP-AD), androgen-independent (LNCaP-AI) prostatic cancer cell lines and normal prostate epithelial cells (RWPE-1) were also compared by using qRT-PCR. Finally, the expression levels of androgen receptor were compared between LNCaP-AD and LNCaP-AI prostatic cancer cells by qRT-PCR after siRNA interference of PCRL expression. Results PCRL were highly expressed in the prostate and prostatic cancer tissues. Expression of PCRL was notably higher in LNCaP-AI cells than in LNCaP-AD and RWPE-1 cells. Interference of PCRL expression in LNCaP-AI and LNCaP-AD cells significantly increased androgen receptor level (P<0. 000 1 for LNCaP-AI cells). Conclusion Overexpression of PCRL in prostatic cancer is related to the progression of prostatic cancer; and regulatory relation may exist between PCRL and androgen receptor.
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Objective To make an etiology study on children with unexplained mental retardation (MR) by using combined multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA),and to explore associations between subtelomeric aberrations and phenotypes in local children.Methods Sixty-seven children with unexplained MR were enrolled in study group from Jul.2009 to Dec.2011 in Guangdong Women and Children's Hospital.Peripheral blood of patients and their parents were collected as samples of subtelomeric test by MLPA.Two kinds of probes of MLPA were combined to verify the aberration results.After confirmed test the parent of positive children were tested by the same way,then to analyze associations between test data and the clinical feature.Results Among sixty-seven children enrolled in the study aged 6 months to 15 years,where were 42 male and 25 female ;the intelligence of 47 children belonged to mild degree(IQ≥50 scores),that of 20 children belonged to severe degree(IQ ＜50 scores) ;7 patients had convulsion history,24 patients had malformation,18 cases had idiopathic organ aberrations.Four patients had aberration copies in subtelomeric region by MLPA test,the detection rate was 5.97％,4 patients were novel cases.There was no significant differences in genders,age and convulsion history between positive and negative children (all P ＞ 0.05).The aberration rate in moderate to severe degree group was higher than those mild degree group.The rates of features including physical developmental retardation,malformation and organ aberrations in positive children were higher than those of the negative cases.There were significant differences between the 2 severity groups (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Aberrations in subtelomeric region can be one of the important causes of unexplained MR.The MR patients were supposed to have subtelomeric region tested so as to provide the evidence for diagnosis and genetic counseling.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Imiquimod is an imidazoquinoline, which class of compounds are known to have antiviral and antitumoural properties. In recent studies, it was shown that imiquimod modulates the T helper cell type Th1/Th2 response by inducing the production of Th1 cytokines like IFN-gamma, and by inhibiting the Th2 cytokines like interleukin (IL)-4. Several investigators have shown that T-bet and GATA-3 are master Th1 and Th2 regulatory transcription factors. This study investigated whether imiquimod treatment inhibited airway inflammation by modulating transcription factors T-bet and GATA-3.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into a control group, an asthmatic group, and an imiquimod group, which was exposed to an aerosol of 0.15% imiquimod. Twenty-four hours after the last ovalbumin (OVA) challenge, airway responsiveness was measured and changes in airway histology were observed. The concentrations of IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-gamma in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expressions of IL-4, IL-5, IFN-gamma, T-bet and GATA-3 in lung and in CD4(+) T cells were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The protein expressions of T-bet and GATA-3 were measured by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>It was demonstrated that imiquimod 1) attenuated OVA induced airway inflammation; 2) diminished the degree of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR); 3) decreased the Th2 type cytokines and increased Th1 type cytokines mRNA and protein levels; 4) modulated the Th1/Th2 reaction by inhibiting GATA-3 production and increasing T-bet production.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Imiquimod treatment inhibits OVA induced airway inflammation by modulating key master switches GATA-3 and T-bet that result in committing T helper cells to a Th1 phenotype.</p>